Ovulation Pain (Mittelschmerz)
A sharp or crampy pain on one side of the lower abdomen at mid-cycle is called Mittelschmerz — German for 'middle pain'. It's caused by ovulation itself and is usually harmless.
Medical disclaimer
This content is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Dawn Phase is not a medical device. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional with questions about your health.
What causes it
Ovulation pain occurs when the follicle ruptures to release the egg. This can cause brief local inflammation and sometimes a small amount of fluid or blood to be released into the pelvic cavity, irritating the peritoneum. The pain is typically felt on the side corresponding to the ovulating ovary. It can last from a few minutes to a couple of hours, occasionally longer.
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Note the date, cycle day, and which side the pain occurs on. Consistent mid-cycle pain (typically days 11–16 in a 28-day cycle) that alternates between left and right is classic Mittelschmerz and can actually help you identify your ovulation window. Track alongside any other ovulation signs — cervical mucus changes, a brief dip in basal body temperature — to build a fuller picture.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if the pain is severe, lasts more than 3 days, is accompanied by fever or vomiting, or if you have a history of ovarian cysts, endometriosis, or ectopic pregnancy. A ruptured ovarian cyst or ectopic pregnancy can mimic Mittelschmerz with more serious consequences.
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